Resemanticization of Local Swear Words and Social Limits on Their Use in Interactions among Senior and Vocational High School Students in Makassar City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37276/sjss.v6i2.800Kata Kunci:
Ambivalensi Norma, Identitas Sosial, Pelajar Makassar, Resemantisasi, Umpatan LokalAbstrak
Umpatan lokal dalam interaksi pelajar memiliki fungsi sosial yang tidak terbatas pada ekspresi kemarahan atau serangan verbal. Fungsinya terbentuk berdasarkan situasi penggunaan, hubungan antarpenutur, tujuan ujaran, serta tanggapan yang muncul dalam interaksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk, konteks, fungsi sosial, dan batas resemantisasi umpatan lokal dalam interaksi pelajar SMA dan SMK di Kota Makassar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan strategi studi kasus. Sebanyak 12 sekolah dipilih melalui pengambilan sampel acak sistematis, sedangkan 12 informan dipilih secara bertujuan. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan observasi digital, kemudian dianalisis melalui pengodean unsur peristiwa tutur dan perbandingan antarsumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umpatan berfungsi sebagai ekspresi emosi dan afeksi, penanda solidaritas dan identitas sosial, serta sarana menyampaikan keluhan yang memiliki unsur resistif terhadap otoritas. Penggunaannya juga memperlihatkan ambivalensi norma karena umpatan dapat diterima dalam kelompok sebaya, tetapi dibatasi dalam keluarga dan sekolah. Resemantisasi terjadi ketika perubahan fungsi pragmatis disertai perubahan pemaknaan sosial tanpa menghilangkan makna leksikal yang kasar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan umpatan merupakan praktik kebahasaan kontekstual yang mencerminkan kemampuan pelajar menyesuaikan pilihan bahasa dengan hubungan sosial dan situasi interaksi.
Unduhan
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