The Investment Paradox and Economic Sustainability in a Geopark: A Financial Feasibility Analysis of Tourism in Maros–Pangkep
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37276/sjss.v5i2.493Kata Kunci:
Ekonomi Lokal, Geopark Maros–Pangkep, Investasi, Kelayakan Finansial, Pariwisata BerkelanjutanAbstrak
Meskipun menyandang status prestisius sebagai UNESCO Global Geopark, keberlanjutan ekonomi Geopark Maros–Pangkep menghadapi paradoks krusial antara pengakuan internasional dengan realitas investasi di tingkat lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membedah paradoks tersebut dengan menganalisis secara komprehensif arsitektur usaha pariwisata, spektrum kelayakan finansial, serta dinamika investasi dan dampaknya terhadap ekonomi lokal. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan metode campuran melalui desain sekuensial eksplanatori. Pendekatan ini mengintegrasikan analisis statistik deskriptif dan kelayakan investasi (NPV, IRR, BCR) terhadap data primer dan sekunder periode 2019-2023, dengan analisis tematik dari wawancara mendalam bersama para pemangku kepentingan. Hasil penelitian menyingkap sebuah struktur ekonomi ganda. Di satu sisi, terdapat ekosistem usaha berbasis komunitas yang resilien dan terbukti layak secara finansial pada skala subsisten (IRR 12,5%; BCR 1,4), yang menjadi mesin penggerak utama ekonomi lokal melalui penciptaan lapangan kerja. Namun di sisi lain, kawasan ini belum berhasil menarik investasi padat modal yang strategis. Hal ini tercermin dari kontribusi investasi pariwisata yang marginal terhadap ekonomi regional (<3%) akibat persepsi risiko dan tantangan struktural. Disimpulkan bahwa keberlanjutan ekonomi geopark saat ini ditopang oleh model pembangunan organik dari bawah, namun berisiko mengalami stagnasi tanpa adanya kebijakan yang secara proaktif menjembatani vitalitas ekonomi komunitas dengan aliran modal strategis dari atas.
Unduhan
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