SIGn Journal of Social Science

The Future of Copyright Protection for AI-Generated Art: Lessons from the Ghiblification Phenomenon

2025-06-11T01:15:18+00:00

The rapid development of AI-generated art that mimics the signature styles of human artists, exemplified by the ghiblification phenomenon, poses a crucial problem for the copyright protection of artistic style, which is traditionally unprotected. This research aims to critically analyze this legal challenge, conduct a comparative study of the copyright regulatory frameworks in Indonesia, the United States, the European Union, and Japan concerning AI art and the issue of artistic style, and formulate policy recommendations for Indonesia. Using a normative juridical research method through statute, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this study examines the legislation, doctrine, and practices in these four jurisdictions. The results show that ghiblification confirms the vulnerability of artistic style; although style as an idea is not protected, the replication of specific expressions by AI can still potentially constitute copyright infringement. The comparative analysis reveals significant variations in approach: the United States strictly requires human authorship, Japan offers flexibility for using data for AI training with a proviso, and the European Union seeks a balance through a TDM exception, while Indonesia still faces a specific regulatory vacuum. Nevertheless, a global consensus exists on the importance of human creative contribution for the recognition of copyright. It is concluded that the existing copyright legal framework, particularly in Indonesia, is inadequate to respond to the disruption of AI-generated art, thus requiring urgent juridical adaptation. This study recommends legal reform in Indonesia, including the clarification of the status of AI-generated art, the consideration of licensing models, and the strengthening of moral rights aspects in order to balance technological innovation with fair artistic protection.

Women, Tradition, and Cultural Resilience: The Preservation Practices of Bira Woven Fabric Amidst the Currents of Modernization

2025-10-06T16:46:17+00:00

Bira Woven Fabric, a maritime cultural heritage in South Sulawesi, faces a serious threat of extinction due to the pressures of modernization. This study aims to deconstruct the social mechanisms underlying this preservation crisis, moving beyond purely economic or technical analyses. Employing a qualitative approach and Pierre Bourdieu’s practice theory framework, this study analyzes how the dialectical interaction among habitus, capital, and field shapes the practices of women weavers. Key findings indicate that this crisis is rooted at three levels. First, the formation of a cleft habitus (habitus clivé) within the weavers, who are caught between loyalty to tradition and economic rationality. Second, the systematic devaluation of their cultural and symbolic capital in the contestation against the dominance of economic capital within the social field. Third, their subordinate position within a field governed by the logic of tourism and patriarchal structures. This study concludes that weaving preservation is not merely a technical issue but a political struggle to change the “rules of the game” within the field. The research suggests that successful interventions require a holistic approach that extends beyond economic strengthening, focusing on the revitalisation of habitus, the revaluation of cultural capital, and, most importantly, the structural reform of the field itself.

Empirical Analysis of Rehabilitation Programs for Children in Conflict with the Law at Jayapura Class II Juvenile Correctional Facility

2025-10-07T11:57:32+00:00

Amid the paradox between the idealism of humanistic child protection regulations and high recidivism rates, this study examines the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs for children in conflict with the law. This study aims to analyze in-depth how the rehabilitation program at the Jayapura Class II JCF operates as a mechanism to reconstruct social bonds. This process is analyzed using Hirschi’s Social Control Theory as a framework. Applying an empirical legal method with a case study approach, primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with officers and juvenile residents as well as participatory observation, and were subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that the three main programs—physical and spiritual development, social development, and education—work synergistically as an architecture of social engineering to mend and reinforce the four elements of the social bond. Attachment is built through communal structures. Commitment is instilled through investment in orderliness and the development of future skills. Involvement is ensured through a densely structured schedule. Belief is reconstructed through consistent moral education. A crucial finding reveals that although formal education faces structural constraints, the non-formal skills program is more effective in building commitment. It is concluded that the key to successful rehabilitation lies not in the luxury of facilities, but in an institution’s ability to systematically re-weave torn social bonds, which serves as the foundation for the successful rehabilitation and social reintegration of children.

The Integration of the LPSK into the Criminal Justice System: The Urgency of Witness and Victim Protection Amidst an Illusion of Criminal Procedure Law Reform

2025-10-20T00:07:17+00:00

Indonesia’s criminal justice system confronts a fundamental paradox. Constitutional guarantees of citizen protection clash with the architecture of Law Number 8 of 1981, which is inherently offender-oriented and retributive in its paradigm. Ironically, the reform effort through the Criminal Procedure Code Bill, projected as a solution, risks creating a new “illusion of protection.” The draft Bill presents a seemingly progressive showcase of witness and victim rights. However, it simultaneously fails to provide an integrated enforcement mechanism and even introduces norms that could create systemic disharmony. This research aims to analyze the urgency of the problem and to formulate a holistic integration model for LPSK as a response to this systemic malady. Employing a hybrid legal research method that combines a juridical-normative analysis of the regulatory framework with a qualitative approach through an in-depth interview with an LPSK senior expert, this study finds that the LPSK’s structurally isolated position has led to serious institutional friction and ambiguous authority, despite its proven crucial role in strategic cases. Therefore, it is concluded that the required solution is a structural transformation. This study recommends a systemic integration model via two pathways: an imperative revision of the Criminal Procedure Code Bill, or the strengthening of the LPSK through an amendment to Law Number 13 of 2006 as a synchronized lex specialis, to ensure the realization of a criminal justice system that is substantively centered on witnesses and victims.

The Effectiveness of Public Policy in the Management of Sustainable Marine Culinary Tourism

2025-10-28T07:03:16+00:00

The management of marine culinary tourism in Bulukumba Regency faces a fundamental paradox between the imperative of ecological conservation and the demands of tourism-based economic growth. The failure to balance these two aspects indicates a deeper problem than mere policy implementation. This research aims to critically analyze the effectiveness of public policy in managing sustainable marine culinary tourism. The analysis focuses on the root cause of this failure, identified as a governance deficit. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. These stakeholders included government elements, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) actors, fishing communities, and environmental activists, supplemented by policy document analysis. The research findings reveal that the policy failure is rooted in a systemic governance deficit. It manifests in three forms: (1) a policy paradox that creates normative conflicts at the regulatory level; (2) an implementation gap where economic empowerment programs are partial, charitable in nature, and ecologically blind; and (3) the marginalization of local actors due to the dominance of an exclusive, top-down approach. It is concluded that the solution lies not in adding new regulations, but instead in a fundamental reconfiguration of the governance model. Therefore, a paradigm shift is recommended from hierarchical government to collaborative governance. This model places substantive public participation and community-based oversight at the center of achieving just, inclusive, and sustainable marine tourism.

A Contextual Green Event Model for the Pinisi Festival: An Analysis of Implementation Gaps and Structural Barriers

2025-11-05T17:36:16+00:00

The Pinisi Festival, a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, serves as a vital tourism asset for Bulukumba Regency. However, the festival confronts a paradox: as a mass event, it possesses the potential to become the “antithesis of sustainability” due to its environmental impacts. A significant gap exists between the global discourse on green events and their factual implementation at the local level, which is constrained by specific socio-cultural conditions. This research aims to: (1) analyze the planning gaps in the green event concept for the Pinisi Festival; (2) diagnose the structural, managerial, and cultural barriers to its implementation; and (3) formulate a contextual solution model. Employing a qualitative case-study approach, primary data were collected via in-depth interviews with stakeholders and field observations, supplemented by secondary data. Thematic analysis was utilized to interpret the data across four key dimensions: transport management, waste management, eco-procurement, and green marketing. The findings indicate that green event implementation remains at a symbolic and partial initiation stage. This failure to apply green principles was concluded to be not merely technical; rather, it is rooted in three systemic barriers: structural (infrastructure limitations and high costs), managerial (the absence of technical regulations and binding standard operating procedures), and cultural (low compliance with pro-environmental behaviors). As its primary contribution, this research formulates a contextual transition framework. This model rests on three pillars: (1) revitalizing Local Government policy governance; (2) program innovation based on a synergy of culture and technology; and (3) capacity building for the local community and MSMEs.