Mapping Judicial Reasoning in Marriage Dispensation Based on Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah for AI-Supported e-Court Development at Ketapang Religious Court
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v8i1.744Kata Kunci:
Dispensasi Kawin, E-Court, Kecerdasan Buatan, Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, Pertimbangan HakimAbstrak
Pemeriksaan dispensasi kawin memerlukan pertimbangan hakim yang mengintegrasikan perlindungan anak, kondisi calon mempelai, dan tujuan Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah dalam penyelenggaraan peradilan elektronik. Kajian ini bertujuan memetakan pola pertimbangan hakim berdasarkan lima aspek Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah dan merumuskan hasil pemetaan sebagai dasar pengembangan dukungan AI pada e-Court. Penelitian hukum empiris dengan desain kualitatif dilaksanakan di Pengadilan Agama Ketapang melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap 35 informan, studi dokumen penetapan dispensasi kawin periode 2019–2023, studi bahan hukum, serta simulasi model AI berbasis penambangan teks. Dokumen periode 2019–2023 diproses melalui pencarian, penyaringan teks, dan klasifikasi argumentasi hukum sehingga teridentifikasi 75 penetapan sebagai korpus analitis. Pemeriksaan kontekstual menghubungkan bagian pertimbangan hakim dengan kategori dominan, aspek pendukung, konteks hukum, dan alasan klasifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hifz al-nasl merupakan kategori dominan yang paling banyak ditemukan, diikuti hifz al-nafs, hifz al-māl, hifz al-dīn, dan hifz al-ʿaql. Hubungan antaraspek menunjukkan sifat multidimensional pertimbangan hakim. Simulasi mengelompokkan argumentasi hukum dan menyajikan keterkaitan antarkategori untuk membantu penelusuran informasi yang relevan. Hasil tersebut menjadi dasar pengembangan sistem pendukung informasi pada e-Court yang mencakup kemampuan menelusuri sumber, verifikasi oleh manusia, jejak audit, tata kelola data, dan kewenangan hakim.
Unduhan
Referensi
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