A Juridical Demarcation: Reconstructing the Proof of Mens Rea to Differentiate Policy and Corruption by Public Officials

Penulis

  • R. Bayu Probo Sutopo Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Hulman Panjaitan Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i2.525

Kata Kunci:

Kesalahan Administratif, Kesalahan Kebijakan, Korupsi yang Disengaja, Kriminalisasi Pejabat Publik, Mens Rea

Abstrak

Penegakan hukum tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia dihadapkan pada sebuah paradoks fundamental. Semangat pemberantasan korupsi yang tinggi justru sering kali berimplikasi pada erosi kepastian hukum dan meningkatnya risiko kriminalisasi kebijakan. Problematika ini berakar pada distorsi dan inkonsistensi penerapan asas mens rea. Praktik peradilan kerap menyamakan kerugian negara atau kesalahan prosedural dengan niat jahat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi prinsip pembuktian mens rea dengan menawarkan sebuah kerangka demarkasi yang jernih dan operasional. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang memadukan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus, data dianalisis melalui interpretasi sistematis serta teleologis yang berpuncak pada penalaran deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yurisprudensi secara empiris mengonfirmasi adanya pengaburan konsep yang membahayakan. Sebagai solusinya, penelitian ini memformulasikan sebuah kerangka pembeda yang tegas antara kesalahan administratif (administrative error), kesalahan kebijakan (policy error), dan korupsi yang disengaja (intentional corruption). Garis demarkasi fundamental di antara ketiganya adalah keberadaan mens rea yang didefinisikan sebagai kesengajaan untuk memperkaya diri atau pihak lain secara melawan hukum dan dibuktikan secara sah serta meyakinkan. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah menyediakan parameter yuridis untuk memperkuat kepastian hukum dan melindungi ruang diskresi pejabat publik yang sah. Pada akhirnya, kerangka ini bertujuan mengembalikan hukum pidana pada fungsinya sebagai ultimum remedium, sehingga pemberantasan korupsi menjadi lebih tepat sasaran, adil, dan legitimate.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

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Diterbitkan

2025-10-29

Cara Mengutip

Sutopo, R. B. P., & Panjaitan, H. (2025). A Juridical Demarcation: Reconstructing the Proof of Mens Rea to Differentiate Policy and Corruption by Public Officials. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 7(2), 765-784. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i2.525

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