Institutional Reconstruction of the House of Representatives: A Constitutional Critique and the Crisis of Popular Representation

Penulis

  • Fauziana Mustawan Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Kamal Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Mustamin Mustamin Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i2.566

Kata Kunci:

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Disfungsi Legislasi, Kedaulatan Rakyat, Krisis Representasi, Rekonstruksi Kelembagaan

Abstrak

DPR sebagai manifestasi kedaulatan rakyat kini menghadapi sorotan tajam akibat disfungsi struktural dalam pelaksanaan tri-fungsinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kritik konstitusional terhadap disfungsi legislasi, pengawasan, dan krisis representasi di bawah hegemoni partai politik, serta merumuskan konsep rekonstruksi kelembagaan melalui perubahan undang-undang terkait. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, penelitian ini membedah kesenjangan antara desain konstitusional UUD NRI Tahun 1945 dengan realitas implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DPR periode 2019-2024 mengalami hegemoni legislasi yang ditandai dengan praktik hiper-regulasi dan dominasi absolut atas DPD dalam sistem bikameral lunak. Selain itu, fungsi pengawasan mengalami kelumpuhan akibat hambatan prosedural kuorum hak angket dan subordinasi politik terhadap eksekutif. Akar permasalahan fundamental terletak pada krisis representasi, di mana mandat konstitusional wakil rakyat telah didegenerasi oleh kedaulatan partai melalui mekanisme penggantian antarwaktu (recall) yang sepihak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa rekonstruksi kelembagaan tidak dapat ditempuh melalui pembubaran lembaga, melainkan harus melalui reformasi regulasi yang mencakup penerapan regulatory guillotine, reformulasi syarat hak angket, penghapusan impunitas anggota, dan pengetatan syarat recall. Rekomendasi utama ditujukan pada perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2014 untuk memulihkan mekanisme checks and balances dan mengembalikan marwah DPR sebagai penyambung lidah rakyat.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

Referensi

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang-dasar

Akbar, Y. M., Rosadi, R. R., & Royandiah, I. (2024). Internship Program within the People’s House: Building a Positive Image of the Indonesian House of Representatives. SIGn Journal of Social Science, 5(1), 16-31. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjss.v5i1.362

Angkang, E. F., Tupen, R. R., & Udju, H. R. (2025). Pelaksanaan Tugas dan Fungsi Legislasi Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia Periode 2019-2024. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora, 4(1), 423-432. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrish.v4i1.5148

Antonio, R., Wijoyo, S., Abrianto, B. O., Achintya, A., Negara, D. S., & Lufsiana, L. (2024). Political Parties Reform in Developing the Competence and Professionalism of the Legislative Members of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (DPR RI). Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(4), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i4.3467

Arifin, F. (2023). The Role of the Constitutional Court in Strengthening Indonesian Democracy: A Perspective on the Sovereignty of Law and the Distribution of Power. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 5(2), 356-371. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v5i2.353

Asriyani, A., Safrin, M., & Muflih, M. N. (2024). Political Parties’ Right to Recall against Legislative Members in the Perspective of a Democratic Rule of Law. Widya Yuridika: Jurnal Hukum, 7(2), 407-418. https://doi.org/10.31328/wy.v7i2.5083

Bachmid, F. (2020). Eksistensi Kedaulatan Rakyat dan Implementasi Parliamentary Threshold dalam Sistem Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 2(2), 87-103. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v2i2.83

Bachmid, F. (2025). Institutional Model of the National Legislative Body: Smart Regulations and Regulatory Guillotine as Solutions to Hyper-Regulation in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 19(3), 251-262. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2025.V19.251-262

Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 on the Review of Law Number 11 of 2020. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=91/PUU-XVIII/2020

Evendia, M., & Firmansyah, A. A. (2025). Degenerative System of Popular Sovereignty by Political Parties through the Instrument of the Recall Rights. Pranata Hukum, 20(1), 114-130. https://doi.org/10.36448/pranatahukum.v20i1.388

Fadhil, M., Bima, M. R., & Ramadani, R. (2025). Kewenangan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) Republik Indonesia Ditinjau dari Perspektif Sistem Bikameral. Legal Dialogica, 1(1), 1-18. Retrieved from https://jurnal.fh.umi.ac.id/index.php/legal/article/view/1499

Government Regulation in Lieu of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2022 Number 238, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6841). https://peraturan.go.id/id/perppu-no-2-tahun-2022

Haryani, R., & Sumiyanto, O. (2023). Juridical Analysis of the Right of Inquiry of the House of Representatives in Performing the Supervisory Function According to Indonesian Constitutional Law. Awang Long Law Review, 6(1), 282-286. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v6i1.797

Irwansyah. (2020). Penelitian Hukum: Pilihan Metode & Praktik Penulisan Artikel. Mirra Buana Media.

Kusuma, S. B., Jayadi, H., Basniwati, A. D., & Fallahiyan, M. A. (2024). Hubungan Fungsional antara Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) dan Presiden dalam Bidang Pengawasan di Indonesia menurut UUD 1945. Jurnal Diskresi, 3(1), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.29303/diskresi.v3i1.5085

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2014 on the People’s Consultative Assembly, the House of Representatives, the Regional Representatives Council, and the Regional House of Representatives (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2014 Number 182, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5568). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1599

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 42 of 2014 on Amendment to Law Number 17 of 2014 on the People’s Consultative Assembly, the House of Representatives, the Regional Representatives Council, and the Regional House of Representatives (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2014 Number 383, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5650). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1624

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2018 on the Second Amendment to Law Number 17 of 2014 on the People’s Consultative Assembly, the House of Representatives, the Regional Representatives Council, and the Regional House of Representatives (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2018 Number 29, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6187). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1709

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2019 on the Third Amendment to Law Number 17 of 2014 on the People’s Consultative Assembly, the House of Representatives, the Regional Representatives Council, and the Regional House of Representatives (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2019 Number 181, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6396). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1747

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 245, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6573). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1771

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2023 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2023 Number 41, Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6856). https://www.dpr.go.id/dokumen/jdih/undang-undang/detail/1825

Muhtamar, S., & Bachmid, F. (2022). Constitutionality and Ideology in the Electoral System: Pancasila’s Moral Interpretation on the Proportional Representation System. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 3(2), 201-220. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v3i2.227

Muttaqin, L., Enggarani, N. S., Nurhayati, N., Junaidi, M., & Febiyanti, N. (2026). Constitutional Court vs. Lawmakers: Positive Legislature, Decision Implementation, and Balance of Authority. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 7(2), 1040-1057. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i2.554

Muzakkir, A. K., Alhamid, M., & Kambo, G. A. (2021). Pembatalan Pembahasan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum dan Keterkaitannya pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024. Pleno Jure, 10(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.37541/plenojure.v10i1.560

Qamar, N., & Rezah, F. S. (2020). Metode Penelitian Hukum: Doktrinal dan Non-Doktrinal. CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn). https://books.google.co.id/books?id=TAQHEAAAQBAJ

Ramadani, R. (2020). Lembaga Negara Independen di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Konsep Independent Regulatory Agencies. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 27(1), 169-192. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol27.iss1.art9

Ramadani, R. (2021). Reformulation of Institutional Relationship between the People’s Representative Council and the Corruption Eradication Commission. Corruptio, 2(1), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.25041/corruptio.v2i1.2264

Rezah, F. S., & Sapada, A. T. (2023). The Independence and Accountability of the Constitutional Court in the Constitutional System in Indonesia. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i2.166

Sampara, S., & Husen, L. O. (2016). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Kretakupa Print.

Schäfer, S., Syam, M., & Gogali, L. (2025). Living Together Beyond Liberal Democracy: Examples of Local Decision-Making and Managing Resource Extractivism in Indonesia. Frontiers in Political Science, 7, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2025.1370828

Utami, W. (2024). Perbandingan Kewenangan Badan Legislatif di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat (Perspektif Pembuatan Undang-Undang). Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam, 4(1), 105-136. https://doi.org/10.14421/rawy8b84

Wardani, R. S. R. (2023). Regional Representative Council in the Indonesian State Governance System: A Study of the Bicameral System. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 5(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v5i1.228

Diterbitkan

2026-02-05

Cara Mengutip

Mustawan, F., Kamal, M., & Mustamin, M. (2026). Institutional Reconstruction of the House of Representatives: A Constitutional Critique and the Crisis of Popular Representation. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 7(2), 1210-1226. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i2.566

Artikel paling banyak dibaca berdasarkan penulis yang sama