Kompleksitas Transfer Atlet Ilegal: Tantangan terhadap Integritas Penyelenggaraan Kejuaraan Daerah–Nasional dan Implementasi UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v7i1.443Kata Kunci:
Hukum Olahraga, Integritas Kejuaraan, Politisasi Olahraga, Tata Kelola Olahraga, Transfer Atlet IlegalAbstrak
Praktik transfer atlet ilegal merupakan persoalan laten yang secara fundamental mengancam integritas kompetisi dan sistem pembinaan olahraga di Indonesia. Meskipun telah disahkan UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2022, praktik ini terus berlanjut karena kompleksitas masalah yang belum terurai secara tuntas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar patologi sistemis dari transfer atlet ilegal dengan menganalisis interkoneksi antara faktor yuridis, kelembagaan, dan sosial-politik yang melanggengkannya. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum sosio-legal dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur akademis, dan studi kasus yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik transfer ilegal adalah gejala dari tiga pilar kelemahan utama. Pertama, fragmentasi regulasi akibat konflik antara hukum nasional dan lex sportiva. Kedua, disfungsi kelembagaan pengawas dan ketiadaan infrastruktur data terpusat. Ketiga, kelumpuhan fungsional UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2022 akibat ketiadaan peraturan pelaksana yang spesifik dan komprehensif mengatur mekanisme transfer atlet antar-daerah. Kelemahan-kelemahan ini secara aktif dieksploitasi oleh kultur politisasi dan patronase yang mengakar dalam tata kelola olahraga. Disimpulkan bahwa reformasi parsial tidak akan efektif. Diperlukan sebuah peta jalan reformasi komprehensif yang mencakup harmonisasi regulasi, penguatan kelembagaan, depolitisasi, serta peningkatan literasi hukum untuk membangun ekosistem olahraga yang berintegritas dan akuntabel.
Unduhan
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