Reconstructing the Provisions on the Abatement of Pretrial Proceedings in Indonesian Criminal Procedure Law: Ensuring Equality Before the Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v5i2.688Kata Kunci:
Eksaminasi Putusan, Kesetaraan Substantif, Pelimpahan Perkara, Praperadilan Gugur, Rekonstruksi NormaAbstrak
Praperadilan dirancang sebagai instrumen pengawasan yudisial untuk melindungi hak asasi manusia dari kesewenang-wenangan otoritas penegak hukum. Namun demikian, ekspektasi filosofis ini mengalami kontradiksi dengan realitas malfungsi prosedural akibat celah hukum mengenai ketentuan gugurnya permohonan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksaminasi secara kritis dominasi kekuasaan termohon dalam praktik pelimpahan perkara dan merumuskan desain rekonstruksi norma mengenai limitasi waktu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang mengintegrasikan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, kasus, dan perbandingan. Analisis silogisme digunakan untuk menyandingkan norma keadilan yang ideal dengan temuan empiris dari eksaminasi putusan terhadap pelbagai perkara pengadilan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa ketiadaan batas waktu yang mengikat telah memicu praktik pelimpahan perkara secara tergesa-gesa oleh instrumen negara guna menghindari eksaminasi yudisial. Mengatasi kondisi darurat tersebut, penelitian ini menawarkan kebaruan berupa desain mekanisme pelindungan batas waktu definitif. Bagi tersangka yang ditahan, keabsahan pelimpahan perkara dibatasi maksimal dua puluh satu hari sebelum berakhirnya masa penahanan. Sebaliknya, bagi tersangka yang tidak ditahan, ketentuan mengenai gugurnya praperadilan dihapuskan secara mutlak dengan prasyarat kehadiran fisik di persidangan. Pada akhirnya, pemisahan batasan waktu berdasarkan status penahanan merupakan wujud tertinggi dari kesetaraan substantif yang meruntuhkan dominasi negara atas individu. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan Mahkamah Agung untuk mencabut pedoman administratif terkait dan mendesak pembentuk undang-undang untuk mengakomodasi skema diferensiasi ini ke dalam pembaruan hukum acara pidana nasional.
Unduhan
Referensi
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