The Role of the Constitutional Court in Strengthening Indonesian Democracy: A Perspective on the Sovereignty of Law and the Distribution of Power
Abstract
This study aims to explore the crucial role of the Constitutional Court in upholding the Sovereignty of Law, maintaining the Distribution of Power, and strengthening democracy in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer the study objectives. The results show that the Constitutional Court plays a central role in strengthening democracy through judicial review of laws, protection of human rights, oversight of the executive and legislative branches, and maintenance of the balance of power and social harmony. The Court also acts as a guide for just public policy and a guardian of social harmony within Indonesia’s legal pluralism. Therefore, it is recommended that the Constitutional Court continue to strengthen its role, enhance its dialogical approach with the public, and promote transparency in decision-making. The Government and Legislators need to pay attention to the principles of the Constitution, social justice, and human rights in formulating legislation and implementing Constitutional Court decisions with total commitment. The public is expected to monitor and demand the active implementation of constitutional court decisions. Collaboration among the Constitutional Court, the Government, Legislators, and the public is critical to realizing a democratic and just society in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. https://peraturan.go.id/id/uud-1945
Ali, M. (2010). Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Penafsiran Hukum yang Progresif. Jurnal Konstitusi, 7(1), 67-90. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk715
Anwar, A. S., & Baskoro, A. (2022). Perlindungan Hukum Penghayat Kepercayaan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 Perspektif Hukum Responsif. Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam, 2(1), 97-123. https://doi.org/10.14421/staatsrecht.v2i1.2803
Arifin, F. (2021). Pengujian Peraturan Kebijakan dalam Sistem Peradilan di Indonesia. Jurnal Litigasi, 22(1), 133-156. https://doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v22i1.3751
Arifin, F. (2023). Reform and Simplification of Legislative Regulations in Indonesia. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(11), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i11.2262
Brata, D. L., Adnyani, N. K. S., & Sudiatmaka, K. (2018). Kajian Normatif Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia, 1(3), 216-227.
Bustomi, Y. (2023). Politik Hukum Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 sebagai Upaya Pembangunan Hukum Nasional. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 3(1), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v3i1.1795
Darmadi, N. S. (2011). Kedudukan dan Wewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Sistem Hukum Ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum, 26(2), 667-690.
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the Review of Law Number 1 of 1974. https://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/peraturan/detail/11ead091b1782de09ff2313231373535.html
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 on the Review of Law Number 5 of 1960 and Law Number 1 of 1974. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=69/PUU-XIII/2015
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 135/PUU-XIII/2015 on the Review of Law Number 1 of 2014 and Law Number 8 of 2015. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=135/PUU-XIII/2015
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 on the Review of Law Number 23 of 2006 and Law Number 24 of 2013. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=97/PUU-XIV/2016
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 36/PUU-XV/2017 on the Review of Law Number 17 of 2014 and Law Number 42 of 2014. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=36/PUU-XV/2017
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 on the Review of Law Number 11 of 2020. https://tracking.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.TrackPerkara&id=91/PUU-XVIII/2020
Gusman, D. (2023). Konstitusionalitas Pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi: Studi Terhadap Pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. Jurnal Surya Kencana Dua: Dinamika Masalah Hukum dan Keadilan, 10(1), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.32493/skd.v10i1.y2023.32252
Hikmah, M. (2005). Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Penegakan Hukum dan HAM di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 35(2), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol35.no2.1463
Hofi, M. A. (2021). Judicial Review Satu Atap di Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Refleksi Terhadap Problematika dan Tantangan Kekuasaan Kehakiman di Indonesia. Hukmy: Jurnal Hukum, 1(2), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.35316/hukmy.2021.v1i2.221-234
Iskandar, B. (2019). Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 36/PUU-XV/2017 Tentang Hak Angket Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Terhadap Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi. Lex Renaissance, 4(2), 410-431. https://doi.org/10.20885/JLR.vol4.iss2.art12
Kartika, A. W. (2021). Fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Sistem Pemilihan Umum dalam Rangka Penegakkan Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi. Jurnal Pro Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik, 10(2), 10-22. https://doi.org/10.55129/jph.v10i2.1590
Krehbiel, J. N. (2021). Public Awareness and the Behavior of Unpopular Courts. British Journal of Political Science, 51(4), 1601-1619. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123419000723
Maarif, I., & Arifin, F. (2022). Komparasi Penggunaan Analysis Regulatory Method Sebagai Instrumen Pendukung Kebijakan dalam Penyusunan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Jurnal Litigasi, 23(2), 272-290. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v23i2.6128
Madjid, M. A. S. W., & Asmorojati, A. W. (2023). The Urgency of the Constitutional Question by the Constitutional Court and Its Relevance to the Indonesian Democracy Index during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan, 4(1), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.v4i1.17237
Mahanani, A. E. E. (2020). Impresi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Bersifat Positive Legislature Ditinjau dari Progresivitas Hukum dan Teori Pemisahan Kekuasaan. Asy-Syir’ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum, 54(2), 421-441. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajish.2020.54.2.421-441
Mirza, I. M. M., Natamiharja, R., & Serna, J. A. M. (2023). Social Transformation of International Human Rights Law through Indonesian Constitutional Court. Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law, 4(3), 439-471. https://doi.org/10.22437/up.v4i3.25721
Muhtamar, S., & Bachmid, F. (2022). Constitutionality and Ideology in the Electoral System: Pancasila’s Moral Interpretation on the Proportional Representation System. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 3(2), 201-220. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v3i2.227
Muqsitha, S., & Wibowo, A. (2023). Keberadaan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia: Power, Authority, Administrative System, Constitution. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin, 2(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.58705/jpm.v2i1.81
Muzakkir, A. K., Alhamid, M., & Kambo, G. A. (2021). Pembatalan Pembahasan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum dan Keterkaitannya pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024. Pleno Jure, 10(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.37541/plenojure.v10i1.560
Nurdzakiyyah, A., Nurwagita, E. D., & Maharani, G. P. (2022). Penghapusan Pasal 22 Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Upaya Memperkuat Independensi Hakim Konstitusi. Journal of Studia Legalia, 3(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.61084/jsl.v3i02.43
Patra, R. (2022). Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Pengawal Demokrasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum, 8(2), 381-393. https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v8i2.51180
Qamar, N., & Rezah, F. S. (2020). Metode Penelitian Hukum: Doktrinal dan Non-Doktrinal. CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn).
Qamar, N., & Rezah, F. S. (2022). The Dichotomy of Approach in the Study of Legal Science: A Critical Review. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 191-201. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i2.162
Rezah, F. S., & Sapada, A. T. (2023). The Independence and Accountability of the Constitutional Court in the Constitutional System in Indonesia. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i2.166
Ruibal, A. (2021). Using Constitutional Courts to Advance Abortion Rights in Latin America. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 23(4), 579-599. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2021.1947148
Sa’adah, N. (2019). Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Pengawal Demokrasi dan Konstitusi Khususnya dalam Menjalankan Constitutional Review. Administrative Law and Governance Journal, 2(2), 235-247. https://doi.org/10.14710/alj.v2i2.235-247
Sadzali, A. (2022). Peranan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Mewujudkan Demokrasi Substantif pada Pemilu 2024 melalui Penegakan Hukum Progresif. As-Siyasi: Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(2), 193-218. https://doi.org/10.24042/as-siyasi.v2i2.14948
Sampara, S., & Husen, L. O. (2016). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Kretakupa Print.
Sari, F. K., Kusaimah, K., & Salman, S. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Hak Pilih Penyandang Disabilitas Mental dalam Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia. Politica: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam, 10(2), 189-199. https://doi.org/10.32505/politica.v10i2.7516
Siahaan, M. (2009). Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Penegakan Hukum Konstitusi. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 16(3), 357-378. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol16.iss3.art3
Suharizal, S., & Arifin, F. (2019). Due to the Verdict of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21/PUU-XII/2014 on the Extension of Pretrial Institutional Authority in Indonesia. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(4), 218-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i4.986
Suparto, S. (2019). Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Tentang Perselisihan Hasil Pemilihan Kepala Daerah dalam Perspektif Hukum Progresif. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Riau, 8(2), 286-301. https://doi.org/10.30652/jih.v8i2.7197
Widiarto, A. E. (2015). Ketidakpastian Hukum Kewenangan Lembaga Pembentuk Undang-Undang Akibat Pengabaian Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Jurnal Konstitusi, 12(4), 735-754. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1244
Widiarto, A. E. (2019). Implikasi Hukum Pengaturan Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Bentuk Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Jurnal Konstitusi, 16(1), 23-42. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1612
Yusuf, C. (2021). Dampak Pemisahan Kewenangan antara Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Mahkamah Agung dalam Menginterpretasikan Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Dibawahnya. Jurnal Hukum, 37(2), 85-100. https://doi.org/10.26532/jh.v37i2.17377
Zainuddin, Z. (2022). The Legal Due Diligence of Land Acquisition for the Public Interest: A Critical Review. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(1), 46-57. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v4i1.159
Zulfan, Z. (2017). Pemisahan Kekuasaan Hubungan Presiden dan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah dalam Fungsi Legislasi. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 46(2), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.46.2.2017.146-154
Copyright (c) 2023 Firdaus Arifin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
