Challenges and Strategies to Minimize Campaign Violations of Regional Head Election
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the regulation on challenges and strategies to minimize campaign violations of the Regional Head Election simultaneously in 2020 during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is normative juridical. Data was collected using literature study techniques on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The collected legal materials were then analyzed using qualitative data analysis methods. The results show that Law No. 6 of 2020, Regulation of General Election Commission No. 5 of 2020, Regulation of General Election Commission No. 13 of 2020, and Regulation of Election Supervisory Board No. 4 of 2020 has not been able to address the various violations of the 2020 Regional Head Elections campaign during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this case, mass mobilization exceeds the amount determined based on Regulation of General Election Commission No. 13 of 2020. In addition, the massive role of political buzzers indicates that money politics is rarely absent during the Regional Head Election campaign. Therefore, it is recommended to establish special regulations for pandemic situations, including prohibiting donations or other money politics. Furthermore, the involvement of political buzzers in online media who often use anonymous accounts requires specific regulations, including account legalization, content configuration, and content narrative. In addition, the application of health protocols in the Regional Head Election campaign should be based on Law No. 6 of 2018, which contains strict sanctions for violators of health protocols. From these recommendations, it is hoped that it will minimize the campaign violations of the Regional Head Election simultaneously in the future.
Downloads
References
Affandi, H. & Affandi, N. K. (2020). Evaluasi Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak 2020 di Era Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus di Provinsi Jawa Barat. In Colas: Conference on Law and Social Studies, Fakultas Hukum Universitas PGRI Madiun, 50-68.
Ahmad, A. A., et al. (2017). Pembatasan Kampanye dan Rendahnya Partisipasi Pemilih pada Pilkada Serentak 2015 di Tiga Kabupaten di Sulawesi Selatan. Kareba: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(1), 63-71.
Alam, B. (2021, 21 October). Penelitian LP3ES Temukan Satu Akun Buzzer Politik Kantongi Sekitar Rp. 7 Juta per Bulan. Merdeka.com. Retrieved from https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/icw-beberkan-satu-akun-buzzer-politik-kantongi-sekitar-rp7-juta-tiap-bulan.html, at the date of 21 May 2022.
Anugerah, B. (2020). Urgensi Pengelolaan Pendengung (Buzzer) Melalui Kebijakan Publik Guna Mendukung Stabilitas Politik di Indonesia. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 8(3), 391-407.
Bachmid, F. (2020). Eksistensi Kedaulatan Rakyat dan Implementasi Parliamentary Threshold dalam Sistem Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 2(2), 87-103. doi: https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v2i2.83
Cox, N. (2020). The Covid-19 General Election in New Zealand. The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, 109(6), 742-743. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2020.1849504
Dairul, D., et al. (2021). Model Baru Partisipasi Masyarakat pada Pelaksanaan Pilkada Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Education and Development, 9(3), 446-451.
Diantha, I. M. P. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif dalam Justifikasi Teori Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Government Regulation in Lieu of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2014 Number 245, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5588).
Government Regulation in Lieu of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2020 on the Third Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 128, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6512).
Hasanuddin, H., et al. (2021). Menilai Kualitas Pilkada dalam Era Pandemi (Studi di Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, Riau). Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 20(1), 59-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v20i1.169
Huntington, N. & O’Brien, T. (2021). Tied to a Star: the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand and the 2020 Election. Environmental Politics, 30(4), 669-676. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2021.1877477
Husnulwati, S. (2021). Tinjauan Hukum Terkait Kampanye Pilkada Ditengah Pandemi Covid-19. Solusi, 19(1), 67-76.
James, T. S. & Alihodzic, S. (2020). When is it Democratic to Postpone an Election? Elections During Natural Disasters, Covid-19, and Emergency Situations. Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy, 19(3), 344-362. doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/elj.2020.0642
Jaya, W., et al. (2015). Keberhasilan dan Kegagalan Strategi Komunikasi Kampanye Para Kandidat dalam Perebutan Kursi Legislatif DPRD Kabupaten Barru Periode 2014-2019. Kareba: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 4(3), 239-256.
Juditha, C. (2019). Buzzer di Media Sosial pada Pilkada dan Pemilu Indonesia. In Seminar Nasional Komunikasi dan Informasi: Membangun Ekosistem Digital di Era Industri 4.0, Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika RI, 199-212.
Kolonio, V. E. (2021). Peran KPU dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Politico, 10(4), 1-16.
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 1999 on Local Government (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 1999 Number 60, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3839).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2014 Number 243, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5586).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2015 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2014 Number 23, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5656).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2015 on Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2015 Number 57, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5678).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2016 on the Second Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2016 Number 130, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5898).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2018 on Health Quarantine (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2018 Number 128, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6236).
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2020 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2020 on the Third Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015 on Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 on the Election of Governor, Regent, and Mayor Into Law Into Law (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 193, Supplement to State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6547).
Lipson, D. (2018, 13 August). Indonesia’s ‘Buzzers’ Paid to Spread Propaganda as Political Elite Wage War Ahead of Election. ABC News. Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-13/indonesian-buzzers-paid-to-spread-propaganda-ahead-of-election/9928870, at the date of 21 May 2022.
Mustari, N., et al. (2021). Peningkatan Kapasitas Masyarakat melalui Penguatan Civic Literacy dalam Mewujudkan Desa Anti Money Politic pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Buakkang. Transformasi: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, 1(3), 109-129. doi: https://doi.org/10.31764/transformasi.v1i3.5618
Nisa, C. U., et al. (2020). Aspek Hukum tentang Black Campaign pada Platform Media Sosial Instagram. Mahkamah: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 5(1), 1-21. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/mahkamah.v5i1.6032
Qamar, N. & Rezah, F. S. (2020). Metode Penelitian Hukum: Doktrinal dan Non-Doktrinal. Makassar: CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn).
Regulation of Election Supervisory Board of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 of 2020 on Supervision, Handling of Violations, and Dispute Resolution for the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and Mayor and Deputy Mayor Simultaneously Continuation in Non-Natural Disaster Conditions Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 778).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 15 of 2019 on Stages, Programs, and Implementation Schedule the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor of 2020 (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2019 Number 905).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 on Amendment to Regulation of General Election Commission Number 15 of 2019 on Stages, Programs, and Implementation Schedule the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor of 2020 (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2019 Number 1511).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 2020 on the Third Amendment to Regulation of General Election Commission Number 15 of 2019 on Stages, Programs, and Implementation Schedule the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor of 2020 (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 615).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2020 on the Second Amendment to Regulation of General Election Commission Number 15 of 2019 on Stages, Programs, and Implementation Schedule the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor of 2020 (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 193).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2020 on Implementation of the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor Simultaneously Continuation in Non-Natural Disaster Conditions Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 716).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2020 on Amendment to Regulation of General Election Commission Number 6 of 2020 on Implementation of the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor Simultaneously Continuation in Non-Natural Disaster Conditions Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 981).
Regulation of General Election Commission of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2020 on the Second Amendment to Regulation of General Election Commission Number 6 of 2020 on Implementation of the Election of Governor and Deputy Governor, Regent and Deputy Regent, and or Mayor and Deputy Mayor Simultaneously Continuation in Non-Natural Disaster Conditions Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) (Bulletin Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia of 2020 Number 1068).
Riana, F. & Persada, S. (2021, 2 May). Denny Indrayana Sebut Jasa Sewa Buzzer di Kalsel Sampai Rp 1 M. Tempo.co. Retrieved from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1458622/denny-indrayana-sebut-jasa-sewa-buzzer-di-kalsel-sampai-rp-1-m, at the date of 21 May 2022.
Riawanti, S. (2017). Teori Tentang Praktik: Saduran Outline of a Theory of Practice Karya Pierre Bourdieu. Bandung: Ultimus.
Ristyawati, A. (2020). Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak 2020 pada Masa Pandemi Darurat Covid-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Crepido: Jurnal Mengenai Dasar-Dasar Pemikiran Hukum Filsafat dan Ilmu Hukum, 2(2), 85-96. doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/crepido.2.2.85-96
Sugiono, S. (2020). Fenomena Industri Buzzer di Indonesia: Sebuah Kajian Ekonomi Politik Media. Communicatus: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 4(1), 47-66. doi: https://doi.org/10.15575/cjik.v4i1.7250
Supriyadi, S. (2020). Menakar Nilai Keadilan Penyelenggaraan Pilkada 2020 di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19. Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 22(3), 493-514.
Suyono, S. (2021). Analisis Penyebaran Kampanye Hitam (Black Campaign) Pilkada Jember melalui Media Sosial Facebook. Calathu: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 3(2), 88-99. doi: https://doi.org/10.37715/calathu.v3i2.2181
Watra, B. L. (2020, 2 June). Ombudsman Ingatkan Potensi Maladministratif pada Pilkada Serentak 2020. Antara News. Retrieved from https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1529196/ombudsman-ingatkan-potensi-maladministratif-pada-pilkada-serentak-2020, at the date of 21 May 2022.
Yamin, I., et al. (2020). Indeks Kerawanan Pemilu (IKP) Pilkada Serentak 2020. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum RI.
Zainudin, S., et al. (2020). Mitigation Measures during Elections and It’s Impacts on Covid-19 Pandemic: Sabah State (Malaysia), New Zealand and the United States. Borneo Epidemiology Journal, 1(2), 145-156. doi: https://doi.org/10.51200/bej.v1i2.2748
Copyright (c) 2022 Wiredarme Wiredarme, M. Zaenul Muttaqin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
